DNA Vaccines Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease: A Novel Biotechnological Strategy: DNA Vaccines Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease

Suliman Khan; Muhammad Tauseef Ahmad; Bilal Abbas; Ehsan Kakar; Adeel Nasir; Muhammad Fayaz Taj; Muhammad Asad Raza; Abdul Samad; Ahmed Raza; Sanwal Abbas

doi:10.54393/fbt.v5i2.167

Authors

Suliman Khan Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
Muhammad Tauseef Ahmad Department of Livestock and Dairy Development, Government of Punjab, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Bilal Abbas Biomedical Research Center, South China College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, China
Ehsan Kakar Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
Adeel Nasir Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Muhammad Fayaz Taj Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan
Muhammad Asad Raza Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
Abdul Samad Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
Ahmed Raza Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
Sanwal Abbas Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/fbt.v5i2.167

Keywords:

Foot-and-Mouth Disease, DNA Vaccines, Immunological Response, Humoral Immunity

Abstract

This review article points out the Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) as a major global animal disease of serious economic importance and limitations of conventional inactivated whole-virus vaccines. It gives DNA vaccine technology as a potential and safer way of achieving immunity by expressing microbial antigens in host cells and thereby eliciting both humoral and cellular immunity responses. The principles and mechanisms of the DNA vaccines are described in the article: antigen presentation, activation of T- T-cells, as well as the functions of adjuvants, the delivery methods, and electroporation, gene gun, and nanoparticles in the increasing of their efficacy. In addition, it summarizes the advancement in the FMD DNA vaccines against diverse viral proteins such as VP1 and the P1 polyprotein, reviews conducted experimental studies and studies in efficacy trials on animal models and the targeted livestock animal.

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